System analysis and design Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Framework investigation and structure - Coursework Example The framework should work in the development business where it should take into consideration simpler account of the various types of gear. It is likewise expected to take into account the age of the various reports fitting the necessities of the clients. The laborers conveyed an examination of the current manual frameworks so as to think of a graph of the new frameworks. Diverse method of information assortment were utilized which included polls and meetings. Interviewees should be the individuals who were taking part in the current manual framework and directors of the association. To ensure right data was given, first the interviewees were educated of the significance of the data that they were giving, and its need being right. The appropriate responses given during the meetings were recorded, and the framework configuration was drawn. To ensure that the framework necessities had been caught in the framework structure, the specialists visited a neighboring organization by the name John contractual workers, who had a comparable framework actualized the earlier year. This empowered us to gain proficiency with a portion of the difficult that was experienced by the group after arrangement and enhancements that were recommended. After the investigation of the current framework, the group needed to think of a plan of the online framework. We had likewise to think of the execution mode which was shown up at that the framework ought to be online and have a database. The structure mulled over the various modules and prerequisites of the framework which had been provided to us in the determination report. Inferable from safety efforts and need of accessibility of the framework, it was to be planned such that it was to run from a server inside the association. The framework included various degrees of clients who incorporated the supervisors and the subordinate staff. 1. Offer security of data The framework guaranteed this by expecting individuals to sign in before getting to it. This is made conceivable by having a

Artist Statement On Nature Essay Example For Students

Craftsman Statement On Nature Essay I realize its prosaism to state, Im enlivened essentially, yet I am. More than its unceasing nearness, a thing a lot more prominent than I making both annihilation and magnificence. In death and annihilation, brings new life. The interminable resurrection of ourselves. The regular sense to endure realizing that demise is up and coming, yet continually glancing forward in passing what we can to the people to come. Normal sense flourishing among all even in the most urban situations. I am motivated by the rot and continue. The excellence in death, the sustenance forever. I realize passing brings pity, darkness. Be that as it may, as a people we remain together, help out, and ensure the ones who have lost. Isnt that lovely? Our instrument for continuing. I am enlivened by creatures and their senses all created over some stretch of time to assist them with surviving in their condition. I am a creature, I am not hesitant to kick the bucket. My adoration for nature develops a lot further in science, cells, and life structures. The human structure is normally my subject for question. It stuns me that we are worked as machines, but we feel. The human touch, the ebb and flow of a hip, or a bust but we are machine. I have a gratefulness for excellence, and Mother Nature is wonderful. Yet, yet I am so straightforward, exhausting. I carry on with a dull and unremarkable life in a daily practice and I am content with that. I watch out at the world as a watcher, not taking an interest however continually carrying on with a real existence outwardly. I am in my own reality, however I acknowledge and see everything. Not that I dont let individuals in, its that I am extremely select. My they are the individuals I hold dearest to me, I confide in them uncertainly. I am enamored. My life isnt loaded with murkiness, however I do cherish its everlasting uncovering. I make work in high contrast for my 2d practice, as I like to see things essentially. Shading consistently loses center, however I am not spotless cut. Slip-ups occur. I am content with that yet is that since I am apathetic? My 2d practice is roused the regular; however not all that characteristic. The variations from the norm that happen as common, yet are not acknowledge in the characteristic standard. I like to think I am an irregularity, a weirdo among an ocean of conventionalists. In any case, I am lethargic like greater part. My work is enlivened by any semblance of Luke Dixon, Alex Pardee, James Jean, their works dainty line between the genuine and the crazy. The excellent and the sickening. As a craftsman I am attempting to show the world through my eyes, the distressing, cold and dim and the lights differentiate. For my 3d practice I go to the more carnal side of materials, the crude materials and the old strategies. I like to fiddle with embroidery, a memorable strategy for picture making. I am propelled by the characteristic and the loss in my materials work and I like to utilize a complexity of things that can rot and can't. Its everlasting life. I am enthusiastic in the hover of life and waste doesnt help later on, that is the reason I like to utilize reused protests in my work. To give everything a reason, with my assemble, destroy, modify. My view of things to come is a supported one, and I should do my part in bringing issues to light for its resurrection. For this I look to the motivation from Donya Coward, taxidermy and crafted by Frederique Morrel that make a feeling of a different universe with their work. A feeling of imagination that I wish to make with mine.

The Army and Environmental Compliance Essay example -- Environmental I

The Army and Environmental Compliance Since the beginning of National ecological mindfulness and insurance approaches in the 1970’s, the Army has needed to change how it conducts preparing. The improvement of Army ecological consistence projects, approaches and procedures empower the Army to satisfy government and state necessities overseeing the utilization of characteristic assets, while adjusting the requirement for fundamental preparing to keep up battle availability and pertinence. As an immediate consequence of positive ecological stewardship, consideration of natural consistence empowers the Army to give congruity of tasks while ensuring the earth. US Environmental Policy The cutting edge contribution of the United States Army’s mindful natural stewardship started more than 40 years prior and proceeds with unabated today. The impetus was the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA), marked into law in 1970, which set up national arrangement for the assurance of the earth. As indicated by the U.S. Natural Protection Agency (2011), the Council of Environmental Quality was made to guarantee government and state organizations survey the ecological impacts of their proposed activities through logical examination and that choices made incorporate open association. Consequently, the NEPA procedure furnishes the general population with data about the Army’s choices and a system to get educated and engaged with activities that sway their condition, wellbeing and personal satisfaction. Division of the Army guideline 200-1, Environmental Protection and Enhancement (2007), requires â€Å"the Secretary of the Army to fill in as trustee for the common and social assets oversaw by the Army†. This assignment additionally incorporates duty... ..., Vol. 65, No. 81, April 26, 2000 (p. 24595). Recovered from http://www. archives.gov/ federal-register/official requests/2000.html Office of the Assistance Secretary of the Army for Installations and Environment. (2004). The Armed force Strategy for the Environment. Washington, D.C. Recovered May 12, 2012, from http://www.asaie.army.mil/Public/ESOH/doc/ArmyEnvStrategy.pdf U.S. Armed force Environmental Command. (2011). About us. Recovered May 12, 2012, from http://aec.army.mil/usaec/aboutus.html U.S. Natural Protection Agency. (2012). National Environmental Policy Act. Recovered May 12, 2012, from http://www.epa.gov/consistence/fundamentals/nepa.html#federalrole U.S. Government Accountability Office Report to Congressional Committees (2008). Military Preparing Compliance with Environmental Laws. Recovered May 19, 2012, from http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d08407.pdf

Business and government in global society - 2750 Words

Business and government in global society (Term Paper Sample) Content: Business and Government in Global society Name: Number: Course: Facilitator: Date: Business and Government in Society Executive Summary Business, government and the society are interrelated. Research conducted indicates that none can exist without the other. Business requires the government to set regulations and rules and to provide a conducive business environment. Business needs the society to consume the goods. This interrelationship is an endless one. This research paper was done to explain further the relationship that exists between the government, business and the society. The main study focuses on the importance of business and government in the global society. The research done was based on the review of many literature materials for example the textbooks. According to Kolbi (2008, p.51), he outlines three theories that describe the relationship that exists between government, business and the society. These three theories are: theory of mixed economy, socialism and free market economy. The main objectives of business are maximization of profits having low costs. The government is to set rules and framework for the business and to provide adequate resources and many others. The likely problems associated with business are outlined towards the end of the report. Some of these are uncertainty, the global economy, the credit markets, innovation, government policy and regulations and the technological advancements among others. Business and government are of key significance in our global society. Introduction The involvement of business, civil societies and the government in providing solutions facing the global society has been in the existence for ages (Kolb, 2008, p.8). However, this idea has acquired more support in the recent past. Due to the urgent need of globalization, there is the necessity to re-evaluate the business and government-society relationship. The expression of business ideas is ever changing and is extraordinarily diverse. Business activities take place every day, every time and everywhere. People earn most of their income from business activities. Business and Government have a close relationship and play very significant in the global society. Government refers to the body that governs a particular state of country. Society is a collection of individuals. They reside in communities of same values and laws. The society is composed of different interests, culture, attitudes, lifestyle and religions (Kolb, 2008, p.10). Business involves firms or organizations that have a role industrial, consumer or economic activities. Business forms the cornerstone of prosperity in society (Crane, 2015, p.3). Business companies do create the necessary resources needed for social development in the global society. Business involves the exchange of goods and services between the buyers and the sellers. This report generally describes the role of business and government in the society. It outlines why business is of great necessity to our society. The business sector has provided many benefits to the economical sector of our society. This is also described. It explains the theories and models of business and government relationship. The description of the business and government sector is briefly described. This work also focuses on the effects of government on business and the likely problems associated with business. The main goal of business is to develop, produces and supply goods and services to customers within the society (Crane, 2015, p.340). This is aimed at achieving profit maximization. The business sector plays an important role in the enhancement of much development in all the sectors of the economy of any country. Literature Review Theories of Business, Government and Society relationships There exists a complex relationship between business and government. This relationship entails both the negative and positive aspects. This is termed as "the public good." It varies depending on several ideologies put forward by many people. This makes it even more complex to understand. There are three theories that elaborate further on the understanding of the relationships between business, government and the society. These include: theory of mixed economy, socialism and the free market economy (Kolb, 2008, p.51). Mixed economy refers to a system of economy whereby both the private sector and the state directs the economy. It also directs the planned economies and the market economies. This system argues that private sector should direct the means of ownership. The dominant form of coordination should be the markets (Crane, 2015, p.370). The fundamental force that drives economic activity should be the profit-seeking enterprises and the capital accumulation. The role of the government is the provision of social and economic benefits to its citizens. The government has a considerable indirect influence over the economy. This is realized through the fiscal and monetary policies. These policies are set to counteract the economic setbacks like cases of unemployment. Mixed economy is so complex and there may not be a definite definition. It simply encompasses certain private degree of economic freedom combined with degree of the regulation of markets by the government. The economic concept of socialism emphasizes on the collective ownership of the means of production and the way of distribution (Beales, 2012, p.80). It eradicates competition within business. This is because regardless of the demand of goods or the cost of production, the items or goods are still solved at predetermined prices (Aras Crowther, 2012, p.178). It ignores the peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ability to pay for the goods. Its main objective is the provision of goods for the general welfare of people and the proper distribution in accordance to the needs of people. It stresses on social ownership. It disputes the idea that items preferred by individual or private businesses firms are also important for the entire society. The government should direct and control business on behalf of people. It should also determine the nature of goods to be produced and at what prices (Beales, 2012, p. 85). This solves the problem of tendencies of capitalism that are selfish and dehumanizing. The free market theory stresses on the investment, production and the distribution of goods and services (Crane, 2015, p.88). The forces of demand and supply determine the decisions of investment, production and the distribution of goods and services. It is in the free market system where the prices of goods and services are determined. It is based on laissez faire which is a theory of Adam Smith. It asserts that there should be minimal or no relationship that is formal between the government and business (Beales, 2012, p.100). It further argues that in the standard living of individuals, there exists a similarity between the economic gains and efficiency with the public goods. Better goods are produced at cheaper prices for people based on the system of demand and supply. This theory postulates that it is only in the market place where business interacts with others in the society. Business Sector Every business posses some nature of involvements with groups, people organizations or stakeholders in the society. These people may affect the policies, decisions and the operations of a particular business operation. This is attributed to the diversity in the cultural, political and economical influences created by the people, ideas or the institution (Crane, 2015, p.232). Some are desirable while others are undesirable and unintentional. The profitability and economic success of the business may affect suppliers, customers, owners, employees, the creditors and the local communities. Decision made about business matters may have both the negative and positive impact to the society. The prosperity of a business firm may also be influenced by the actions within the society. Managers in the business firms must take the key responsibility to achieve or fulfill the tasks of the government. The government may be primarily influenced by business through the political action committees, the public relations and the lobbying groups (Aras Crowther, 2012, p.155). Lobbying groups for example, trade and business associations are actively involved in the presentation of their ideas at the state and the local levels of government. The existing groups may be supported by business or new groups can be formed for a specific purpose. Businesses, through the political action committees may be greatly get involved in the electoral and government process. For example, in countries like United States of America, the political action committees have the mandate to solicit for funds from stockholders and employees. They then make the contributions to their political candidates. Government sector The government is joining hands with other stakeholders to take the strategic role of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The CSR as a concept in government action has a connection with the other challenges that are attributed economic changes and globalization for example, the changing role of business in society. The CSR policies of the government can be evaluated through four types of relationship. These are: CSR in government-business relationships, CSR in public administration, CSR in government-civil society relationships and CSR in government-business-civil society relationships (Giavazzi Mcmahon, 2012, p. 55). These programmes incorporate the inputs of participation between business, government and the society. The governments in many nations have started to see the CSR programs as a means to enhance development that is sustainable. They also view the programs as a means of creating strategies of national competitiveness. This allows for competition of fo...

The Ozone Layer Shields Us and Saves Our Lives Essay

Our zone is important because its shields use from harmful emitted ultra violet radiation by the sun; which can cause skin cancer and disease in humans. Materials synthesized by mankind such as aerosol do not react in the lower atmosphere but survive long enough to react in the upper atmosphere causing ozone depletion. This reaction in the upper atmosphere is cause by the ultra violet radiation given off by the sun. At the point this reaction an oxygen molecule is replaced by a chlorine molecule this process happens 100,000 times on a global scale according to Sherwood Rowland who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995 for his work in atmospheric chemistry. The results are global warming on a massively increasing scale. The ozone layer†¦show more content†¦The major energy sources in the United States are petroleum (oil), natural gas, coal, nuclear, and renewable energy. The major users are residential and commercial buildings, industry, transportation, and electric power ge nerators. The pattern of fuel use varies widely by sector. For example, oil provides 93% of the energy used for transportation, but only about 1% of the energy used to generate electric power. Oil, coal, and natural gas are non-renewable resources meaning that they are produced from fossil fuels (plants and animals which have decomposed for millions of years). The Conservation of energy provides a solution to our massive use of fossil fuels. Recycling is good for the environment, human health and the economy. Recycling creates jobs incinerating 10,000 tons of waste creates one job; land-filling 10,000 tons of waste creates six jobs; recycling 10,000 tons of waste creates 36 jobs. If the U.S. could intensify its waste-diversion efforts and hit a 75 percent recycling rate, the recycling and waste industry would boast over 2.3 million jobs by 2030 – 1.5 million more jobs in this sector than in 2008, according to the report â€Å"More Job’s, Less Pollution†. Recycling just 35 percent of our trash reduces toxic emissions equivalent to taking 36 million cars off the road. In 2006, according to the EPA, the national recycling rate of 32.5 percent (82 million tons recycled) â€Å"prevented the release of approximately 49.7Show MoreRelatedImportance Of Environment Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesrole in life. It is an essential part of our life. A clean environment is very necessary to live a peaceful and he althy life. An environment is the natural surroundings which help life to grow and nourish on this earth. It helps human beings, animals and other living things to grow and develop naturally. But now days,our everyday actions and decisions are negatively impacting the environment, causing pollution, deforestation, overfishing.We are disturbing our environment in many ways which affectingRead MoreHow Can Our Environment Be Harmful? Essay1580 Words   |  7 PagesHOW CAN OUR ENVIRONMENT BE HARMFUL? 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This takes on a major issue and covers many aspects of our nations energy use both in present and for the future. When we think about nuclear power we do not automatically think of it as a non renewable energy source. This is because it is not part of the fossils fuels; coal, oil and gas, which we all know will not last us as reliable energy sources for much longer. However, nuclear power isRead MoreWhat Causes Volcanic Eruptions5929 Words   |  24 Pagessuccessful forecasting occurred in 1991. Volcanologists from the U.S. Geological Survey accurately predicted the June 15 eruption of the Pinatubo Volcano in the Philippines, allowing for the timely evacuation of the Clark Air Base and saving thousands of lives. How are Volcanoes Formed? Volcanoes are formed in various sizes and shapes. Cone-shaped volcanoes are the most common ones. Some volcanoes are only a long crack on the earth’s crust. Volcanoes that resemble high mountains were the ones that are formedRead MoreShift From Fossil Fuel Should Be Made Mandatory1632 Words   |  7 Pagesheading as inhabitants of this planet earth. Many living organism depends on clean air to survive hence the balance of Oxygen, Carbon dioxide and other natural gases must be at a balanced ratio. For many people, who live in the industrialized countries find air pollution as part of our daily occurrence, although many developed countries have tried to reduce and fight air pollution and control of greenhouse gas emission, it’s still not enough, more extremes action need to be employed. As human populationRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On New Zealand Essay3435 Words   |  14 Pagesheat is being trapped and so the temperature of the earth is also increasing. The increase in the earth’s temperature isn’t good because the increase in temperature will cause some major changes such as weather patterns on earth which will affect the lives of most, if not all living things. [1] [9] All of the extra carbon dioxide which is appearing in the atmosphere is coming from the burning of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are formed from decayed animals and plants and over millions of yearsRead MoreEssay on Environmental Ethics2347 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Earth’s natural environment and all of the animals and plants that inhabit it (Taylor, 1989). The purpose of this paper is to reveal environmental issues that are threatening the existence of life on Earth, and discus our social obligations to refrain from further damaging our environment, health and life for future generations. I will discus the need for appropriate actions and the ethical application in the decision making process on solving environmental concerns. 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The Code Of Ethics Enforcement Agency - 1393 Words

Every year, law enforcement agency around the world are promoting employees to various positions within their organization who have meet certain criteria or qualifications. Those candidates are generally based on those who have received satisfactory or above on yearly performance reviews, shown leadership skills, taken further educational or career training classes, or have continuously gone above and beyond during their employment. Being promoted comes with a vast of physical and emotional elements especially right off the bat for those transitioning from employee to a supervisor. Transitioning from one role to another is not always the easiest as many individuals must prove their worth to others by showing them that they are highly†¦show more content†¦They each have their own personal and professional problems. I had to learn to adjust and assist them.† After hearing his answer, I felt a true understanding for what he said as we live in a world full of diversity in which we should learn from others and adjust where need be because how we once acted in one position can change overnight when accepting the role of another. With continuing the interview, I further asked Mr. Wingo if there were any issues when it came to making decisions or problem solving that revolved around co-workers in which he found was difficult to address? Without any hesitation, he responded â€Å"Yes, you take on this new role and hope to be treated and respected like before but that’s not always the case as you have those who view you different because you are now in charge which tends to make your job a little harder.† I read in the text that â€Å"Diversity, disagreement, and risk taking help foster a decision-making, problem-solving environment† (Hess, Orthmann, Ladue, 2016, pg. 132). Comparing the text to what Mr. Wingo previously stated I broadened my question by asking him if there were any instances that he remembered that involved speaking w ith an employee that was difficult inShow MoreRelatedPolice Codes Of Conduct And Police Code Of Ethics1560 Words   |  7 Pagesprinciples they must abide by. This is illustrated in the police officer s code of conduct and police code of ethics. Many police departments have their own code of conduct which are to be followed by the officers. Just like any other profession, there are no fool proof rules and standards. People will (for whatever reason ) try to beat the system or just plain fall short of whats required of them. That’s why ethics and codes of conduct are so important. They basically let an employee know whats expectedRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemma of a Police Officer Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ethical Dilemma of a Police Officer Professions are guided by codes of ethics to aid them in performance of their duties and to ensure maintenance of high standards of conduct. Police officers are faced with a maze of obligations in the performance of their official duties. The â€Å"Law Enforcement Code of Ethics† and â€Å"Canons of Police Ethics† were created to make explicit the conduct considered appropriate for police officers and to guide them in the performance of their duties. Although policeRead MoreEthics in Criminal Justice Administration Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesEthics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Lisa Myatt CJA/484 David Mailloux July 30, 2012 Ethics and professional behavior are an important part of criminal justice administration. Ethics is referred to as what is right or wrong and your moral principles. 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With a strong organizational cultureRead MoreEthics And Character Analysis Interviews1677 Words   |  7 PagesEthics and Character Analysis Interviews Introduction Many law enforcement officers in the United States are good, dedicated and committed to serving the people by protecting them and their property. In most cases, however, we hear news of police officer involvement in criminal activities or unethical behavior such as theft, robbery, abuse of authority and excessive coercion. The indication of police using force against suspects and committing crimes does not appear favorable to the public becauseRead MoreIs It Necessary For Law Enforcement?1707 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Review of Trust The question is asked, is it necessary for law enforcement to actually have the trust of the public, or is just their approval that is needed? Clearly, riots indicate a large-scale breakdown in civil order, and can be seen as a glaring collapse of society. While this type of public unrest may not always be focused directly on police conduct, it inescapably is the job of the police to balance the right of free assembly against the reality of destruction such anger can impactRead MoreA Discussion Of Administrative Law1115 Words   |  5 PagesAdministrative laws are rules and regulations passed by agencies appointed by legislatures. Moreover, administrative laws are used to clarify expansive laws. The Department of Education, Department of Health and Homeland Security and the U.S. Department of Agriculture are federal agencies that pass administrative laws that effect K-12 education. Furthermore, in Texas, the State Board of Education (SBOE) passes rules that become part of the Texas Administrative Code (TAC). The SBOE may adopt new laws or amendments

John Hale from the Crucible Essay Example For Students

John Hale from the Crucible Essay John Hale, from the CrucibleDynamic, Reverend John Hale needs only this one word to describe him. That is what separates Hale from any other character in the Crucible, while most characters are entirely static, with the exception of Elizabeth. That is why I consider him to be the best, and most flushed out character in the Crucible. In this report I will describe and analyze the character of John Hale and try show why his is the best character in the Crucible. In the first paragraph I will analyze the character of John Hale and describe what just makes him so dynamic. At the beginning of act one we only hear about John Hale and can only make judgment upon what is said about him. From that information given we can draw some conclusions about John Hale. First of all he is a just man, which never changes throughout the entire story. We can also tell that he is a self-taught expert on witches, and believes that anyone can fall under the control of Satan. It is a quote from John Hale in the Crucible that explains this until an hour before the devil fell, God thought him beautiful in heaven(858 Miller). Now I will look later into the story and look into how Hale is slowly changing. Towards the end of the first act we finally get to see (or read) John Hale. Because of this there is some direct and indirect characterization by the author. We also get a look at Mr. Hales motives because of this. Coming into Salem now, Reverend Hale conceives of himself much as a young doctor on his first callHis goal is light, goodness and its preservation, and he knows the exaltation of the blessed whose intelligence, sharpened by minute examinations of enormous tracts, is finally called upon to face what may be a bloody fight with the Fiend himself. (844 Miller). As you can see he is very adamant about finding whatever is wrong with the girls and purging them of the problem. It seems as if he knows that witches have had something to do with the way the girls have been acting. Soon after John Hale finds out about the girls dancing in the woods he becomes very curious about what is really going on, and has his first doubts about the girls. The doubts get larger throughout the story and increases allot when he first visits the home of John and Elizabeth Proctor. He soon realizes after John Proctor tells him about himself, his family, and the girls that they could be lying. In this third paragraph I will explain his final change and how it is so much different from the John Hale we first meet in act one. In act three we meet a totally different John Hale who not only has his doubts, but also now is very much on the side of the accused. You can first tell the changes when John Proctor brings his servant Mary Warren to judge Danforth. During the scene you can tell he knows now that the girls are lying and he must do anything he can to see justice succeed. I have this morning signed away the soul of Rebecca Nurse, Your Honor. Ill not conceal it; my hand shakes yet with a wound! I pray you, sir, this argument let lawyers present to you (869 Miller). Later when Elizabeth is forced to testify for her husband to see if he is telling the truth about him cheating on his wife with Abigail Williams. When she lies and says John Proctor did not you see another even more passionate John Hale striving to get the truth out about the girls. Excellency, it is a natural l ie to tell: I beg you, stop now before another is condemned! I may shut my conscience to it no more-private vengeance is working through this testimony! From the beginning this man has struck me true. By my oath to Heaven, I believe him now, and I pray you call back his wife before we- (874 Miller). When the truth is silenced and John Hale and Elizabeth Hale are sent to prison, both sentenced he leaves. Soon after people plead for the release of John Proctor. So Danforth says if John Proctor can sign his name and say that he was in a pact with the devil. John Hale comes back to plead with John, and Elizabeth Proctor to tell a lie. Goody Proctor, I have gone this three month like our Lord into the wilderness. I have sought a Christian way, for damnations doubled on a minister who counsels men to lie (881 Miller). .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 , .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .postImageUrl , .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 , .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:hover , .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:visited , .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:active { border:0!important; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:active , .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63 .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3d8f91afd7c011a21e99ccd604f54b63:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Client Server Architecture Essay ThesisIn Conclusion, John Hale completely changes from one who seeks to damn those who have bewitched the girls that lay in silence: into a man that seeks the truth about the whole situation and looks to save the wrongly accused of witchcraft, some who he had condemned earlier himself. I have completed the thesis statement that I wrote in the Introduction and I have showed you how he is the most dynamic character in the Crucible. Now like me I hope you will also appreciate John Hales participation in the Crucible. BibliographyThe Crucible-Arthur Miller1952

Western Culture And Indian Culture Essay Example For Students

Western Culture And Indian Culture Essay Australasia, and is not restricted to the continent of Europe. Where Western Culture and Indian culture come at a cross roads is further explain by Naor, Linderman, Schroeder in their idea that â€Å"non-significant difference between Eastern and Western countries for the dimensions of institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism, assertiveness, uncertainty avoidance, and humane orientation can be attributed to their strong link to people’s behavior and work-related attitude† (Naor et al, 2010, p. 194). Political pluralism, prominent subcultures, or even counter cultures such as the New Age movements are all Tendencies that have come to define modern Western societies. This results in the process of human migration and globalization. We will write a custom essay on Western Culture And Indian Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now A current dilemma in Western societies is whether Western civilization is strong enough to create a world order based on the principles of international law and personal liberty that are deeply embedded throughout the whole tradition of Western political thought, or whether citizens in Western societies could be impacted by the emergence of other more economically stable societies that have equal international dominance as the western world. What are people referring to when they talk about Western culture? One can understand that understanding of Western Culture can point towards various traditions, customs, values, and different belief systems that made their origin from Europe and are based on European culture. An obvious example of a country that is stricken with Western culture is in the culture of America. Western culture can encompass a variety of cultures such as the Spanish, French and British cultures. Westerns complex is so inherently diverse and complex because of its adaptability to en. . nly those that have been developed within our own borders? This would not be beneficial for individual countries or our global world because it has been made clear that humanity only flourishes with the constant cultural adaptions that are built upon one another, just like the cultures of India and the Western world. More specifically, how does India influence the Western world and the global world in particular? One can see this in the existence of Bollywood, yoga, and spiritual mantras on a global scale. examples. These were all features of Indian society that were once only existent in the culture of India but have now become apparent throughout the international world, and particularly in Western societies. In the western culture, yoga is a popular activity as a facet of physical activity. An Indian folk dance known as bhangra has been used as a popular western

Providing An Enabling Environment Children And Young People Essay Essays

Providing An Enabling Environment Children And Young People Essay Essays Providing An Enabling Environment Children And Young People Essay Essay Providing An Enabling Environment Children And Young People Essay Essay The rule of supplying an enabling environment is that kids learn and develop in enabling environment, the environment plays a critical function in back uping kids s single demands in acquisition and development, strong partnerships between practicians and parents is a positive start to supplying an enabling environment. The wellness and safety of the environment is critical to guarantee the safeguarding and well-being of the kids. Babies and kids will experience emotionally safe and secure and will develop and larn most efficaciously. A genuinely enabling environment provides the stimulation and the positive relationships that support kids to experience safe plenty to research. A good early childhood environment meets the kid s basic demands and supports and encourages kids to prosecute in activities that implement the plan s course of study. Further, the environment is designed to enable staff to ease the optimal acquisition for their kids. Finally, the envir onment makes parents and defenders feel welcome, involved, and empowered. In this essay I will look at how to organize a safe, but disputing environment for kids. Explain the practician s function within the wider multi-agency environment. Describe the regulative demands that must be followed when organizing an environment for kids in the early old ages. Measure the effectivity of the environment in run intoing kids s single demands. There are a figure of of import rules to believe about when you are be aftering for a safe environment for kids and immature people. When fixing environments for kids, it is of import to see their age and phase of development. We besides need to see whether the environment meets the demands of the single kids. Children develop at different rates. Some kids need more ambitious activities while others may necessitate a different type of activity or different resources detecting single kids to see how they engage with the environment will assist us to be after suitably. Every kid is an single with different demands depending on their age and abilities. You must believe about this when planning activities, for illustration when they involve physical drama, or if more consideration must be given to the demands of a kid who has merely become nomadic than to an older kid, when be aftering room layouts. Some kids have specific demands such as centripetal damages ; for illustration think abou t the challenges to a kid with limited hearing understanding accounts about safety. The different demands of households and carers must be considered. You should ever see the kid s safety and public assistance in your head when planning. Every kid and immature individual has a right to a safe and unafraid environment. Before get downing any activity it is of import that you take into history the wellness and safety demands of all kids, guaranting that the environment is free of any jeopardies and it is safe for kids to play. Health and safety is the most valuable factor to see when be aftering a safe and ambitious environment for kids s acquisition and development to take topographic point. Developmental demands of kids are besides a factor to see ; as kids grow and develop in different phases, so it is of import to see the developmental demands and abilities of kids when be aftering an environment for kids. Thingss we should see when planning is: Physical Emotional Social Intellectual Handiness Safety and supervising of babies and yearlings is a cardinal function to supplying a safe environment. All registered suppliers must run into the lower limit demands for infinite within their environment and staff ratios. Meeting staff ratios ensures the safety of kids, failure to run into these ratios could do accidents and hurts ( Open Study College Early Years Level 3 PG50 ) By following all these points we abide with the legal duty to the responsibility of attention. Staff ratios as follows: 1:3 kids under 2 old ages 1:4 kids aged 2 old ages 1:8 kids aged 3-5 old ages When be aftering for a healthy and safe indoor environment suites should be organised to restrict the safety, infinite is besides a critical factor to see, by guaranting there is sufficient infinite in relation to the figure of kids who will be utilizing it within the environment. This allows kids to travel around easy and comfortably. Child from birth to two old ages require 3.5m2 infinite per kid, kids aged two to three old ages old require 2.5m2 infinite per kid, and kids aged three to five old ages require 2.3m2 infinite per kid. ( Open Study College Early Years Level 3 ) Multi bureau working is when a figure of professionals work together to supply support in run intoing the single demands of kids. The wider community plays a critical function in kids s acquisition and development. Practitioners need to work together across services for illustration working in partnership with wellness visitants, general practicians, societal workers, physical therapists, and address and linguistic communication healer. To outdo support kids and their households all these groups need to pass on good, listen carefully to all concerned and to set the kids s demands first. ( Open Study College- Early Years Level 3 -V1.0 PG 40, 66 ) Harmonizing to ( The CAF procedure 26 April 2012 ) The CAF is a four-step procedure whereby practicians can place a kid s or immature individual s demands early, assess those demands holistically, deliver coordinated services and reexamine advancement. The CAF is designed to be used when a practician is worried about how good a kid or immature individual is come oning ( e.g. concerns about their wellness, development, public assistance, behavior, advancement in larning or any other facet of their well-being ) a kid or immature individual, or their parent/carer, raises a concern with a practician a kid s or immature individual s demands are ill-defined, or broader than the practician s service can turn to. The EY. Statutory model provides ordinances that all early old ages puting must follow with when supplying an environment for kids. Health and safety statute laws play a cardinal function on the proviso of an environment and must be followed by all employers with the scene. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974- all employers have legal duties under the Health and Safety at Work at 1974. Employers must run into certain regulations to guarantee that wellness and safety is implemented and to do certain everyone at work is safe within the environment. As practicians everyone in the child care puting must cognize what their wellness and safety policies in the scenes are. In a child care puting the undermentioned guidelines apply: edifices should be in good status and designed with the safety of users in head edifices and milieus should be clean and safe and equipment must be safely used and stored. This act helps keep healthy, safe and unafraid environments as is precautions both the kids and the grownups working with them. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health ( COSHH ) COSHH is the jurisprudence that all employers must follow in respects to harmful substances. ( COSHH Regulations 1999 ) states Hazardous substances are anything that can harm your wellness when you work with them if they are non decently controlled. Most scenes use cleaning merchandises or have other merchandises that are risky. While caring for kids early twelvemonth s workers may hold to manage crisp changing, or clean up after toileting or other accidents. In order to understate the hazard to wellness, it is of import to be cognizant of jeopardies in the environment. It is indispensable to utilize protective equipment such as baseball mitts and masks, if utilizing risky substances. All merchandises that are used by kids, including playthings, must be in a good status and moderately safe to utilize. All kids are protected by safety Torahs. Assorted symbols are used to bespeak playthings and equipment are safe and suited for kids of peculiar ages. The kitemark symbol is used in the United Kingdom to guarantee that merchandises are safe and suited. Harmonizing to Writer: John Rowlinson 21 December 2012 ) when you see a plaything or merchandise with a Kitemark this means that the British Standards Institution has independently tested it, has confirmed that the merchandise conforms to the relevant British Standard The CE Mark symbol includes the name and reference of the first provider, was required by jurisprudence to look on all playthings placed on the market in the European Union on and after January 1990. The Lion Mark was developed in 1988 by the British Toy A ; Hobby Association as a symbol of plaything safety and quality for the consumer. The king of beasts grade for retail merchants By exposing this mark the retail merchant is stating that all merchandises in the store meet a certain criterion of safety. This symbol displayed in the store, in catalogues and in retail merchant advertisement, indicates that the retail merchant has agreed to the Code of Practice. Practitioners need to see that the playthings they provide for kids to play with meet their demands of their single age and phase of development. Practitioners should see when taking contributions or purchasing 2nd manus playthings, excess attention is needed to guarantee that they are safe and run into the current ordinances. Avoid plaything which are a hazard to kids choking e.g. , toys with little constituents or parts which detach, avoid plaything with crisp points, and borders or finger traps, besides check playthings have non become perilously worn. Safety equipment is used within the early twelvemonth s scenes to advance the safety and well-being of the kids. Regular cheque on all safety equipment should be carried out, and the industries instructions should be closely followed. It is considered as good pattern to purchase new equipment, as it will corroborate with the latest safety ordinances. Below is a list of the safety equipment normally found in the early twelvemonth s scenes: Stair gates- prevent babes and kids from falling down the steps. Electric plus covers- prevent kids from seting their fingers or objects into sockets. High chairs- helps immature kids to sit safely at mealtimes, they will hold safety harnesses to maintain the kid secure. Window locks- prevent kids from falling out, opening or go forthing the premises. Radiator covers- to forestall kids from touching the radiators when switched on and firing themselves. Early old ages premises should guarantee high degrees of security around the edifice to maintain kids safe at all times. Entrance doors should be kept locked at all times and controlled by staff members to guarantee the safety, scenes are required to maintain a record of visitants, doing certain they are subscribing in an out at all times staff should to the full oversee visitants at all times whilst on premises. Children should merely be allowed to go forth the scene with an authorized person that has been identified by the kid s parents prior to get downing the scene. In my scene where I antecedently worked we had to guarantee that all kids in our edifice are safe and have a secure environment, we had certain security agreements in topographic point, we had two mechanical doors which can merely be opened from the interior of the edifice and as a security dismay system fitted which sounds whenever the door opens, we besides had a policy about acquiring information from parents who c an roll up the kid, names and images were taken prior to the kid get downing the babys room. Environments need to be suitably heated and ventilated to forestall the spread of infection and to guarantee a good supply of fresh air to kids. Lighting should be appropriate for clear visibleness and to enable kids to work in comfort. The administration of the furniture and activities is of import in advancing the safety of the kids and supplying an enabling environment. When be aftering the scene of the environment fire issues should be clear of obstructions to enable safe emptying if necessary, the layout of the environment should be adaptable for kids with disablements, the layout of the furniture and resources should let sufficient infinite around the scene for kids to travel about more easy. Hazards and jeopardies hazards and jeopardies are found within all workplaces ; within an early old ages puting there can be hazards and jeopardies for kids, staff members and visitants. A jeopardy is something a kid does non see, is something that has the possible to do injury, whereas a hazard is a challenge a kid can see, and chooses to set about it or non, hazard is the likely or possible result of the jeopardy. A hazard appraisal is a legal demand which is used to place possible jeopardies within the environment. Hazard appraisals are of import within the early twelvemonth s scenes to guarantee the safety and public assistance of all the persons in the scene of kids. Hazard pickings is of import for kids it gives them a opportunity to take on a personal duty when kids learn how to take hazards ; they besides learn how to believe independently. The function of the practician in hazard pickings is decide what is safe for the kids and so to oversee the kids in taking the hazard. A s kids become older practicians can promote kids how to maintain themselves safe. Practitioners working with kids need to be the 1s to command the hazard, taking history the single demands of kids. Babies and immature kids have basic demands that must be met for them to develop and maturate. For kids, these indispensable demands include warm, lovingness, and antiphonal grownups ; a sense of importance and significance ; a manner to associate to the universe around them ; chances to travel and play ; and people to assist construction and back up their acquisition. The emotional environment is more than physical infinite because it contains the emotions of the kids who spend clip in it, the staff that work at that place and the parents who leave their kids. Keeping positive feelings is of import for kids to experience safe in the emotional environment. The emotional environment plays a cardinal function in run intoing kids s single demands. Practitioners within the scene should guarantee that the scene is warm, loving, secure and accepting topographic point to be for everyone, non merely for kids. Practitioners should promote kids to show themselves by giving them opportunity to speak and by actively listening to them. Harmonizing to ( Martine Horvath Sunday March 03 2013 ) When kids know that their feelings are accepted, they feel safe. The indoor environment will hold an immediate consequence on kids larning and development. The indoor environment should be good equipped with high quality resources ; indoor infinite demands careful planning as it needs to be flexible to suit kids s single demands. Environments should be attractive and do kids experience safe and unafraid and happy to be at that place. Children learn through drama, researching their environment and get downing to happen out about the universe around them. Play theorist Bob Hughes identified 16 different types of drama. Early old ages scenes need to supply a separate room for babes, but should be given regular contact to see older kids to assist advance their societal and emotional development, as kids some older, they require a balance of structured activity every bit good as the ability to originate their ain drama. The out-of-door environment holds equal value to the indoor environment and provides many chances for larning and development. Children gain tremendous benefits from larning out-of-doorss, ideally they should hold entree to outdoor infinite on a day-to-day footing, non all kids will derive entree to a garden or outer infinite within their place, and hence they should be given the chance to research the out-of-door environment whilst at their scene. The outdoor can supply development chances for kids socially intellectually, physically, and emotionally. Bing out-of-doorss supports assurance and self-pride. Outdoor drama chances will be different depending in the age of the kid. Child development theoretician Jean Piaget ( 1896-1980 ) , believed Children concept an apprehension of the universe around them, so see disagreements between what they already know and what they discover in their environment ( by Saul McLeod published 2009, updated 2012 ) Decision When it comes to kids and immature people, both the safety and the stimulating facets of the environment should be considered at the same clip. Every kid and immature individual has the right to a safe environment and kids must hold the chance of turning up and developing in an environment that is as healthy and safe as possible. An enabling environment will back up and ease acquisition and development for kids. Children within the early old ages scenes are actively encouraged to research the indoor and out-of-door environment every bit, painstaking practicians and cardinal workers will back up acquisition as kids freely engage and interact with their milieus. Referecences hypertext transfer protocol: //www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/Development-Matters.pdf Greenman, J. ( 1988 ) .A Caring infinites, larning topographic points: Children s environments that work.A Redmond, A WA: Exchange Press. Available online: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx? ArticleID=294 By Martine Horvath Sunday March 03 available online: hypertext transfer protocol: //eyfs.info/articles/article.php? Enabling-Environments-64 The CAF procedure updated 26 April 2012 available online: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/strategy/integratedworking/caf/a0068957/the-caf-process hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lboro.ac.uk/research/design4health/outputs/d4h_main_home/Intro/Legal/COSHH/coshh.html OPEN STUDY COLLEGE EARLY YEARS LEVEL 3 STUDY GUIDE NCFE INVESTING IN QUALITY hypertext transfer protocol: //www.practicalpreschoolbooks.com/Content/Site120/FilesSamples/742978190724118_00000000380.pdf Writer: John Rowlinson Updated: 21 December 2012 Safety Marks: What Do They Mean? onlineA hypertext transfer protocol: //www.safekids.co.uk/toysafetymarks.html

Law and Ethics in education Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Law and Ethics in education - Research Paper Example For a student to be eligible for accommodation, the student must provide the university with evidence of their disability. This is done by providing the director of tutoring with documentation from a licensed professional which determines the level of disability. This is important in ensuring that the student is given as much assistance as the level of his or her disability. This also protects resources of the disabled from being misused by students falsely claiming to be handicapped. If a continuing student identifies himself or herself to be disabled, he or she may contact the Director of Tutoring and Disability Services. The director can refer the student to a credible outside agency for testing. This caters for those who did not either report or have a disability at the period of joining the university. It also reduces the chances of a potentially handicapped student subscribing to substandard treatment from incompetent practitioners. Documentation of a disability condition must have been done within the past three years. Documentations older than 3 years are highly unreliable. This is because the disability level may have increased or reduced. Any change in disability assists the university actualize any extra special needs that the student may have in order to assist him or her as much as possible. Documentation defining the nature of the disability should be detailed. It should indicate how the student is disadvantaged by the disability. It should also recommend the type or accommodation best suited for the student. This helps the university to allocate the most suitable shelter for the student and helps the accommodation department understand fully the needs of the student. Information about a student’s disability is treated with utmost confidentiality by the university. All the records regarding disability are stored safely and away from unauthorised access. This helps the disabled feel more comfortable to express fully their

Statutory Interpretation Business Law Assignment Essay

Statutory Interpretation Business Law Assignment - Essay Example Since statutes are presented in written form, it is within the court’s power to translate the written word into the actionable form of law i.e. known as breathing life to the law. However, due to the complexities of language and the imperfect nature of legislation, sometimes the intention or purpose of the law may not be conveniently passed in the wordings of the various Acts. This is where the courts derive their power; ensuring that the intention of Parliament is carried into the law. The power of the court to interpret statutes i.e. statutory interpretation has generated controversy for as long as Parliament has been in existence. This is because of the subjective nature of interpretation which relies heavily on the beliefs and understanding of the presiding judge. Over time, judges have been accused of usurping the role of Parliament and ‘making law’ by giving interpretation to statutes in a manner that suits their version of the law. Lord Denning himself once drew criticism in Magor and St Mellons v Newport Borough Council (1952) HL when he remarked that We do not sit here to pull the language of Parliament to pieces and make nonsense of it. We sit here to find out the intention of Parliament and carry it out and we do this better by filling in the gaps and making sense of the enactment than by opening it up to destructive analysis (pg. 25). While he well intended to maintain Parliament’s supremacy by attempting to interpret acts based on its intention, he went a bit overboard by suggested that the courts could ‘fill in the gaps’ in the law which in itself would be tantamount to making law. On appeal to the House of Lords, Lord Simonds described Denning’s interpretation of the powers of the courts as a â€Å"naked usurpation of the legislative function under the thin guise of interpretation.† The House of Lords instead stated that gaps disclosed in laws can only be remedied through appeals. The extent o f the judicature’s power to interpret law remains blurred which is a major reason judges have often been accused of making law; a role not within their mandate. In Fischer v Bell (1961) and Stock v. Frank Jones (Tipton) Ltd. [1978] 1 WLR 231, the interpretation of the courts of statutes was so distasteful to Parliament that the rulings themselves were overturned through statutes in the same year they were made. This shows that the powers of interpretation are sometimes abused as judges attempt to ‘redefine’ statutes which in their opinion are ambiguous, unfair or unjust. Over the years, several rules of interpretation have come up all in an attempt to guide the courts in the correct usage of their power or in a manner respectful of the separation of powers doctrine. Despite these rules, Twining and Miers (2010) state that over 50 percent of High Court cases and 90 percent of cases before the House of Lords involve aspects of interpretation of the law. Since the c ourt’s interpretation of the law determines how they apply it e.g. in criminal law for purposes of sentencing, the interpretation of the law continues to be a major cause of appeals and a major driving force for litigation. At this juncture, it is necessary to state that the courts may have powers to apply the law; this power is merely incidental to the interpretation that the court makes of the pertinent law. In fact, this power is often

Curriculum as Influenced by Society and Technology Essay Example for Free

Curriculum as Influenced by Society and Technology Essay The current trend of technology in the classroom can be traced back to the early1900s when schools and museums, as a complement to verbal instruction, began to use visuals aids including drawings, paintings, and slides. In the 1920s, as film became widely used, The National Academy of Visual Instruction was formed to help distinguish between films that were for entertainment or educational value. As technology progressed and the television was introduced, the educational system began to use instructional television. During the 1970s and 1980s the biggest influence in the classroom, to date, came in the form of computers. As the 1990s progressed, computers and multimedia equipment continued to become more affordable and they began to be used across the world. The trend of technology in the classroom currently consists of multiple categories including Multimedia, Internet and Networking, Computer-assisted instruction (CAI), Computer-managed instruction (CMI), and teacher training. As the current trend of technology in the classroom continues to be centered on the inclusion of computers and other mediums, it only awaits to incorporate the next big step in technology. The Ever-changing Technology Trend The abacus, the slate, the red pad of paper, it is amazing to view the ever-changing technology in education today. As a society, not only has our language and communication developed, but the way that language and communication are expressed has changed drastically. In Mathematics an abacus was used to solve problems, now a student can program a graphing calculator to solve problems for them. Some schools allow children to bring laptops into class with them, in other schools it is mandatory that all students have a laptop to bring to school. From having no computers in the classroom to having dozens of computers in the classroom has been an evolution of the educational system. Technology in the educational system consists of many mediums, and the history to the current educational system is quite fascinating. What remains to be seen is how the ever-changing, ever-evolving technology will impact the schools today, and how technology will affect our schools in the future. The view of a teacher as the possessor and transferor of information is shifting to a new paradigm in which the teacher is now a facilitator or a coach. These new teachers provide appropriate learning environments that engage students in collaborative activities that require communications and access to information that only technology can provide. Technology engages students, and as a result they spend more quality time on basic learning tasks than students who use a more traditional approach. Students who have the opportunity to use technology to acquire and organize information show a higher level of comprehension and a greater likelihood of using what they learn later in their lives (Impact, 2005). The integration of technology into the curriculum has been shown to decrease absenteeism, lower dropout rates, and motivate more students to continue on to college. This current trend of technology in the classroom consists of multiple categories including multimedia, Internet and networking, computer-assisted instruction (CAI), computer-managed instruction (CMI), and teacher training: Multimedia Interactive multimedia combines text, graphics, sound, animation, and video into a single learning environment. The hardware of multimedia can include: Macintosh computers, audio digitizers, CD ROM players, graphic scanners, and videodisc players. Since information is presented in visual and verbal modalities, individual learning styles of students are easily accommodated. It is not only a presentation tool for the teacher, becoming the basis for classroom lectures, discussions, and simulations, but it is also a reporting and reference tool for students in preparing class assignments. Example of use: There is an ongoing multimedia project that is part of the seventh grade science curriculum at the Baker Demonstration School at National-Louis University. Students choose a mammal to study at Lincoln Park Zoo in Chicago, IL. They then spend several sessions at the zoo observing this mammals physical characteristics, behavior, locomotion, and its zoo habitat. These observations become the raw data for constructing a multimedia presentation about their mammal. Internet and Networking There is a clear direction towards using the Internet to open education to students everywhere. The use of the Internet ranges from making course materials available on-line, to using the Internet as the communication tool for the course. With the vast capabilities of the Internet, computers are being networked for communication, research, and remote collaboration. Networks can help to break down communication barriers and connect students and teachers with the outside world. Access to a computer, a modem, and phone lines frees students and teachers from the physical limits and time constraints of the school environment. Networking also allows them to send electronic mail, participate in computer conferencing, and access information from remote sources. Example of use: Students studying the solar system can send questions directly to NASA scientists. Classes from different parts of the world could read the same book and share ideas and conclusions throughout the reading of the book. Another idea is for one class to write cliff hangers and have the other class finish the stories. In some cases, classes have done parallel science experiments or conducted surveys and then compared results with the other class. Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and Computer-managed instruction (CMI) (CMI) is the use of the computer to maintain records associated with student performance. This usually includes, but is not limited to, the results of particular Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI) packages. As the student completes each lesson, the computer stores the progress, scores, records the results of all tests or quizzes completed, and it provides progress reports to the teacher. These reports, either individual or class-wide, may be used to rapidly identify unsatisfactory progress or weak areas (Harrison 1983). Example of use: An individualized curriculum could be written for each student allowing the teacher to more effectively utilize the limited class time available. These tools can help remediate students lacking in certain skills and allow students access to information presented in multimedia formats. Teacher Training Tremendous increase in technology-related in-service teacher training is taking place. Teachers are learning how to use electronic grade books and other teacher utilities to create puzzles, tests and quizzes, and other materials in order to assist them. Examples of training: After-school workshops conducted by the computer enrichment instructor and/or volunteers is one form of teacher training available, another is one-on-one tutoring carried out by volunteers or a computer enrichment instructor. Technology conferences attended by selected members of the faculty and teacher-to-teacher instruction utilizing those faculties with advanced technology skills also provides valuable teacher training. In addition to the technologies mentioned, the Education Coalition (TEC) considers the merger of computing, television, printing, and telecommunications as the most significant trend in education and technology. Bringing them together results in the whole having greater impact than each individual part (Lane Portway, ND). Technology is abundant in the classroom today in many forms such as computers, the internet, DVDs, CD-ROMs, etc. However, technology in the classroom â€Å"can be traced back to the early 1900s, when schools and museums began to include visuals such as drawings, paintings, slides, films, and models as a complement to verbal instruction† (Summary of Major Events in the Field, 2005). In the early1900s, still and video cameras were considered to be the technology of the future, the likes of which had never been seen before. It was hard to imagine, at this time in history, that they would be used on a daily basis in the home, let alone in the schools. Contrary to popular belief, the history of technology within education goes back a lot further than simply the introduction of computers and televisions into the classroom in the 1980s and 1990s. Throughout history, many people have had high hopes of how technology would affect education in the future. Thomas Edison said, books will soon be obsolete in the schools. Scholars will soon be instructed through the eye. It is possible to teach every branch of human knowledge with the motion picture. Our school system will be completely changed in ten years(Major Trends of the Decade, 2005). In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Thomas Edison was working on perfecting his invention, a kinetophone, which synchronized sound on a phonograph cylinder with pictures on a screen (Life of Thomas A. Edison, 2005). Edison dreamed that films would one day revolutionize education. â€Å"In 1911, he released a series of historical films about the American Revolution, becoming one of the first producers of films for classroom use† (Major Trends of the Decade, 2005). While his invention did not exactly revolutionize education, the modern version of inventions like the kinetophone is used on a regular basis in the classroom via television, video, and DVD. In the 1920s, film was seen as a progressive style of teaching, and was used in only a few select classrooms across America. To aid in the process of incorporating film into education, The National Academy of Visual Instruction was formed in order to help distinguish between films that were for entertainment and films that had educational value (Major Trends of the Decade, 2005). During this time, there was also an attempt to use radio broadcasts in the classroom; however, this trend died out within 15 years as there were often technical problems that could make teaching unpredictable. As film began to be used more often in classrooms across the world, the United States government had to prepare teachers for the advancement of technology in order to keep up with other advancing countries throughout the world. This was hard to do as many teachers worried about the fire hazards from film projectors and also feared that technology would one day replace them and they would no longer have jobs (Major Trends of the Decade). Classrooms would continue to experiment with this new technology for years to come, in hopes of keeping up with the changing times. In the 1950s and 1960s, the demand for instructional television reached its height due to a shortage of teachers and overcrowded classrooms. In 1959, the Midwest Program of Airborne Television Instruction (MPATI) was created and 34 courses were televised to 2,000 elementary and secondary schools in six states (Saettler, 1990). Students were able to watch and learn from their classrooms, and many schools that were unable to participate in the program tried to acquire it by borrowing from other schools across the nation. It was a big step forward for the educational system and later in 1990, Christopher Whittle created a more advanced version of this known as Channel One, a show that aired in almost 12,000 public and private middle and high schools nationwide, while reaching 7. 7 million students (Borja, 2005). Studies done on MPATI showed that teachers disliked the program and found it interrupted their classes, so it lost much of its attraction to schools. While teachers did come to understand the importance of bringing the world into their classroom, the same situation evolved later with the classroom interruptions and Channel One in the 1990s and it has steadily declined in its use in classrooms. The decade of 1960 saw the introduction of computers into the educational setting, although it was not in many schools as the costs to supply them was too great for most school systems. The development of computers would continue to grow in the ‘70s and ‘80s, when microcomputers became available; more convenient for schools and somewhat more affordable. These decades saw rapid advancement in the way of computers, television, and video recorders, making it hard for schools to keep up with the latest equipment. As the 1990s progressed, computers and multimedia equipment continued to become more affordable and were widely used in many classrooms spanning the globe. While in the past students were content and well supplied by having a set of crayons, pens, pencils, books, and a chalkboard, technology has quickly advanced over the years to a point in which no classroom or student is complete without sophisticated sets of computers, DVDs, scanners, and the Internet. Technology has had a great impact on education in recent years. The trend to modernize schools and increase the amount of technology in the classroom has become apparent with the passing of new educational legislation and an increase of electronic devices in classrooms. Studies by major universities have also been undertaken to look at the use of computers and other items in learning and the effect that they have on students. The impact of technology on schools has been both positive and negative. While educators embrace the idea and the opportunities that new technology provides students, the trend has caused an increase in costs for an already under-funded system. Keeping up with such advances will be increasingly more expensive as time goes by. This cost is worth paying; however, as the trend in the workplace has also been moving toward technology as well. Studies have been undertaken by universities and researchers to learn the impact and necessity of technology in schools. A research project at the University of Georgia focused not only on the United States, but on many other English speaking countries as well, including Australia, Canada, and Great Britain. This study focused on the incorporation of media and technology in schools and the impact to which it has had on students and learning. The researchers found that these tools â€Å"are effective in schools as phenomena to learn both from and with. † (Reeves, 1998, The Impact of Media and Technology in Schools) The results of this effort point towards the importance of technology in school, and make an argument for its continued and increased use. Legislators, voters, and school officials have also realized the benefits of giving students an education involving technology. In recent years, the number of computers and other devices in schools has increased drastically. According to a study done by the California Department of Education in 2004, there were 1,181,649 computers in classrooms across the state. At that time, this was approximately 1 computer to every 5. 3 students. (California Department of Education, 2004) The number of computers in classrooms is expected to increase yearly, although the data has not yet been released for 2005. As these electronics do not come to schools cheaply, unless through donation, the State of California, as well as other states across the Union, have passed legislation to assist schools in purchasing the items. An example of this is California’s SB 1863, which was a bill signed into law by Governor Davis in 2002. This act grants non-profit organizations, such as public schools and hospitals, the ability to purchase computers and telecommunications systems at a discounted price (Bowen, 2002, SB1863). With legislation such as this in place, it is easier for schools to afford the necessary items they need to keep up with changing technology. As computers and other items are introduced into classrooms across the nation, teachers are being forced to learn how to use the technology and software in order to incorporate it into their lessons. For some, learning to do this can be difficult, while for others it may be simple. The amount of time it takes to learn the information and skills needed cuts into personal lives, taking away from family events and other activities. These hours are often unpaid, and are done from the teacher’s own desire to better instruct students for the future. Educating oneself to use computers and other devices is also expensive. Computers and their components are quite costly. Many teachers have to afford to buy the computers themselves. Teacher salaries are not exceptionally high, and purchasing such items is not always feasible. According to the American Federation of Teachers: The average teacher salary in the 2003-04 school year was $46,597, a 2. 2 percent increase from the year before. This falls short of the rate of inflation for 2004, this was 2. 7 percent. When adjusted for inflation, the 2003-04 salary actually drops 0. 4 percent from 2002-03. (American Federation of Teachers, 2005, Teacher Salaries Lag Behind Inflation) Teachers are also placed in another predicament as workplace trends are requiring computer and technology skills be incorporated into everyday business. A teacher’s job is to prepare their students for the future. In order to accomplish this goal, educators must be able to instruct their pupils in the areas of technology. To do this, teachers must be educated themselves, and in such a fashion that the teachers are forced to purchase nearly unaffordable items out of their own salaries. Including technology into the classrooms is important. Teaching students to use these items is beneficial to them and their futures. However, getting the tools to all students is difficult as funding is limited. Underprivileged schools tend to be less likely to have the computers that they need as funding is simply not available for them. This contributes to the problem of the technological divide, in which students from lower income areas do not have the equipment or skills to keep up with students in better neighborhoods and situations. In 1998, the incorporation of technology in schools cost roughly 16 billion dollars (Reeves, 1998, The Impact of Media and Technology in Schools). This money comes mostly from federal funding, but according to the study at the University of Georgia, it will not be enough to keep up with future needs. Technology in the schools is important. The inclusion of computers and other media in education of students will have a drastic impact on their future. These items are expensive but needed. Legislators are passing actions that will allow for funding to be available to purchase these items and place them into classrooms. In order for teachers to keep up with advancements in education, they have to learn to use the technology themselves. This takes their time away for other activities which they participate in and it can be costly in itself. The monetary cost of the inclusion of this trend in education is the biggest impact to which the system faces. Affording to pay for such material is difficult, as funds are hard to obtain. So, where will classrooms be in 10 years, 20 years? The question becomes where will teachers be? There are many proponents for online and virtual classrooms where a school room is not required, but there are many who object to this because school is not only where a child goes to learn, but it is also where a child goes in order to learn how to function in society. Currently in California, a new program has been implemented into high schools, it is the virtual enterprise, which gives students the opportunity to learn about business. However â€Å"there are no textbooks in the virtual enterprise (VE) programs. The classrooms don’t have the average-looking furniture; the furniture generally consists of cubicles, office desks, computers, fax machines and telephones. The teacher is called the coordinator, and the daily instruction is conducted with direct input from appoint company officers† (Tekaat-Davey, 2006). This form of environment is giving children a look into a more corporate environment, and for those students interested in a corporate world it is a very interesting form of education, and it is giving students a heads-up into how the â€Å"real-world† functions. Often, it takes a lengthy period of time for schools to implement new technologies because of the money constraints, however â€Å"a unique component of VE is the fact that it is very cost effective for the respective sites† (Tekaat-Davey, 2006). Many businesses donate the computers and other supplies that are needed in order to make the virtual enterprise environment work. This is an innovative approach that is giving the teacher a different role, but it may take on force because it is so much more cost effective. It seems that the goal of the future is to show children how to integrate technology into their lives effectively. Another aspect of technology is how small it makes the world, everything is so much closer through computers now, and students are going to be taught how best to interact and learn about different cultures, but schools in the United States are also going to need to compete more thoroughly with technologies in schools worldwide. Currently, 90 percent of schools have Internet connectivity and more than 33 percent of teachers have Internet access in their classrooms (Gahala, 2001). So yes, technology availability is there, but how to use it effectively is going to be the constant battle between teachers and technology experts. This country has developed in technology gradually over the years, even though sometimes it seems like it has been overnight. The growth of technology has been an ever-adapting process, and it is constantly changing. â€Å"Technology is not transformative on its own. Evidence indicates that when used effectively, ‘technology applications can support higher-order thinking by engaging students in authentic, complex tasks within collaborative learning contexts’ (Means, Blando, Olson, Middleton, Morocco, Remz, Zorfass, 1993)† (Gahala, 2001). But, will technology change the role of a teacher is what concerns many teachers today, and the answer is possibly. â€Å"As students become more self-directed, teachers who are not accustomed to acting as facilitators or coaches may not understand how technology can be used as part of activities that are not teacher-directed. This situation may be an excellent opportunity for the teacher not only to learn from the student but also to model being an information seeker, lifelong learner, and risk taker† (Gahala, 2001). So, even though the process of education may change, the traditional principles still hold, teachers are there to be a guide and a facilitator for education and knowledge. It is a teacher’s responsibility to incorporate current technologies into the history of teaching in order to give students the best possible education they can receive. Technology use impacting student grades All four research questions considered how technology use (low/high) as defined by overall use, teacher use and student use in the classroom effected at-risk students classroom grades. Inferential statistics showed no significant affect on at-risk student grades for any of the independent variables—teacher use, student use or overall technology use. For all the independent variables of teacher use, student use and overall technology use, the 1st quarter grades are higher for high technology using teachers. But that trend did not continue into second quarter for any of the independent variables. Since low GPA is a criterion for being identified at-risk at the studied school, it is logical that these students had low grades. However, some of these students had no passing grades, which is equivalent to a GPA of zero. The grade point average mean for the 66 at-risk students is 1. 52 at the end of the school year 2000–2001. Any grade mean above a zero is an improvement for some of the identified at-risk students. A possible explanation for this decline in grades is a greater use of technology in the 1st quarter. The researcher informally observed that students are immersed in technology in many of the classes: Power Point slide shows, travel brochures, postcards and video interviews are being created for presentations. During the 2nd quarter the classrooms slowly returned to a more traditional style. Some teachers, in informal discussions with the researcher, said they are using drill and practice, word processing for writing, and Internet for research projects. Without the use of technology infused in the classroom teachers would never know that with more constructivist methods students could achieve at higher levels. From research on the ACOT classrooms, students use technology as a tool to collect, organize, and analyze data; to enhance presentations; to conduct simulations and to solve complex problems. One of the changes seen over this 10-year study is the change in the lower-achieving students; the ones teachers could not reach with the teacher-centered learning. These students began to respond positively given the alternate ways of expressing their knowledge, which not only raised their self-esteem but their status with the teachers and their peers. The at-risk students are likely to show improvement in academic achievement when technology is used in the classroom appropriately. The conditions needed for appropriate use of technology to improve education are: first, the successful use of technology requires teachers to face their beliefs about learning and the efficacy of different instructional activities. Second, teachers view technology as one possible tool that must be used in the curriculum and instruction framework with meaning. Third, teachers need to become risk takers, experiment with technology, help and share with peers. Fourth, technology can be a catalyst for change, but the process of integrating technology is a long-term challenge for the teachers. In closing on student grades and technology, from the ten-year study conducted by ACOT comes this statement: â€Å"teachers also discovered that students who did not do well in a typical setting frequently excelled when working with technology. Low achievers had a chance to experience success and began concentrating and applying themselves to their projects† (p. 95). This study supports the findings in the present study indicating that the technology should be incorporated into the curriculum in meaningful, student-centered methods. Conclusion The impact of technology in schools is somewhere between its the only way to make a positive change in schools to its a new fad. They see technology as a strong tool for positive change but it must be presented in the right ways. Steps must be taken for technology to make a difference. Leaders of the schools must include everyone at the beginning of the plan, not after technology arrives. Leadership in the school system must plan for technology. Hire a full time technology director, involve the school in the changes, and provide the services that are needed for technology to succeed in the schools. Teachers must change the way they teach. Classrooms must take on the student-centered learning methods. Teachers need to become facilitators. Students need to be allowed to use technology as a tool, which will enable them to collect, analyze, and create major projects. When schools are prepared for technology, the entire school benefits. The quality of the time for technology to be integrated into the curriculum is the key to student learning, not the quantity of time with technology. Technology is not the entire solution for keeping at-risk students in the classroom, but it is a start in the right direction. References Aitoro, J. R. (2005). No Child Left Behind. VAR Business, 21, 1-2. American Federation of Teachers, (2005) Teacher Salaries Lag Behind Inflation. Retrieved from http://www. aft. org/presscenter/releases/2005/100605. htm on December 15, 2006 Borja, R. R. (2005). Channel one struggling in shifting market, Education Week, 24(43), 3-14. Bowen, D. (2002). SB 1863. Retrieved from http://info. sen. ca. gov/cgi-bin/postquery? bill_number=sb_1863sess=0102house=Bsite=sen on December 15, 2006 California Department of Education, (2004). Number of Computers Used for Instruction. Retrieved from http://www. cde. ca. gov/re/pn/fb/yr04numbcomp. asp. on December 15, 2006 Gahala, J. (2001). Critical Issue: Promoting Technology Use in School. Retrieved from http://www. ncrel. org/sdrs/areas/issues/methods/technlgy/te200. htm. on December 15, 2006 Harrison , J. and M.. (October 1983). How computers can help the schools. Education Flip Side. 2(7) page 70. Impact of Technology on Student Achievement, The. Apple Education; K-12 Education. Retrieved from http://www. apple. com/education/research. on December 15, 2006 Lane, C. , Portway, P. (No Date). Trends. The Education Coalition. Life of Thomas A. Edison,The. Retrieved from http://memory. loc. gov/ammem/edhtml/edbio. html. on December 15, 2006 Miller, M. and Cruce, T.. A 20th Century Timeline: Classroom Use of Instructional Film, Radio, and Television, retrieved from http://www. arches. uga. edu/~mlmiller/timeline/timelineintro. html. on December 15, 2006 Reeves, Thomas C, (1998). The Impact of Media and Technology in Schools. Retrieved from http://www. athensacademy. org/instruct/media_tech/reeves0. html. on December 15, 2006 Saettler, Paul (1990). The Evolution of American Educational Technology. Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Platos Repubulic- Music, Art, Literature Essay -- essays research pap

In The Republic, Plato uses many different aspects in Books II, III, and X including: art, literature, and music. These aspects play a huge part in the building of the â€Å"ideal city†. Plato includes what can and cannot be used and what is good and what is bad for the city. While building the city, everything is broken down and analyzed by Plato. Art as an imitation of real things, three types of imitation, the types of literature, art, and music allowed and not allowed in the city, and the impact of art on the people of the city will all be analyzed in this paper. Books III and X contain information on art as an imitation of real things. â€Å"Imitation, we say, imitates human beings performing forced or voluntary actions, and, as a result of the action, supposing themselves to have done well or badly, and in all of this experiencing pain or enjoyment† (287). Plato also describes art as the imitation of real things as a copy of an object. A painter paints a picture of a couch. The couch in the painting looks the same as the couch that was used for the painting, but the couch in the picture is a copy of the original couch. Plato makes it seem that art imitates the objects and events of real life. Plato furthers his point by introducing his theory that a copy of a copy of an object is imitation. For example, carpenters build a bed which they did not originally event. The carpenter’s bed was built by the carpenter but it was based off another bed that was originally created by God. This makes the carpenter’s bed a copy of another bed. When a painter is painting he also creates a copy of an object. If he paints the carpenters bed, it is a copy of a copy of an object. Plato includes, â€Å"imitation is surely far from the truth, and, as it... ...s that the people are very important to Plato. If degrading artwork, stories, or poems enter the city it could make the people weak, unhappy, and very depressed. On the other hand, if positive artwork is introduced the whole mood of the city changes. They could be come strong, happy, and vivacious. Plato made sure that there was no literature or music that sad or discouraging in the city. As seen in Books II, III, and X, art, literature, and music played a large part in putting the ideal city together. The imitation of art had a large impact on everyone in the city, each type of music had to fit the personality or job of each person in the city, and the literature had to be watched closely so that the women, children, and even men were not distraught by it. While building the ideal city Plato had to make sure everything was perfect so that everyone was happy.